BIOLOGY Study Guide- Unit 5 Test

DNA and Heredity

Hints!!!

v Review chapter summaries and vocabulary. Go back and reread sections of the text as needed. Review class notes.

v Look at old quizzes, labs, handouts.

v Do the test prep questions at the end of the chapter for practice and review.

v Bring a sharp #2 pencil to the test.

Topics to Study-

chapter 11 - Genetics

• vocabulary from sections 11-1 through 11-3
• use a Punnett square to predict results of crosses
• show how alleles will split to form gametes in monohybrid & dihybrid crosses
• recognize and use Punnett squares for traits inherited using complete dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles

chapter 12 - DNA and RNA

Ø What are the components of a nucleotide?

Ø What is DNA's shape and how are the molecules arranged in DNA?

Ø What is DNA replication, where and how does it occur?

Ø Describe structural and functional differences between DNA & RNA.

Ø Compare the roles of messenger RNA and transfer RNA.

Ø Explain the relationship between genes, DNA, chromosomes, protein.

Ø Describe basic steps of transcription: where does it occur? What molecule is produced? (figure 10-4)

Ø Describe basic steps of translation: where does it occur? What molecule is produced? (figure 10-4)

Ø Explain the relationship between codon, anticodon, amino acid.

Ø Use the genetic code to predict the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

Ø How do changes in the DNA code affect protein synthesis?

chapter 14 – Human genetics

• be able to predict results of crosses involving genetic disease having complete and incomplete dominance
• explain & use Punnett squares for sex-linked traits
• genetics of blood type in humans